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Robotic Redo Paraesophageal Hernia Repair Following a Nissen Fundoplication

Tuesday, October 8, 2024

Bale S, Nischwitz E, Hammar A, Thaqi M, Wiesemann S, Kaifi J. Robotic Redo Paraesophageal Hernia Repair Following a Nissen Fundoplication. October 2024. doi:10.25373/ctsnet.27188571

The patient was a 68-year-old male with a history of type 3 paraesophageal hernia (PEH) recurrence post receiving a Nissen fundoplication and an attempted robotic repair one year prior. The repair was aborted intraoperatively due to respiratory decline and hypercapnia. His past medical history was also notable for Cameron's ulcers, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), gastroparesis, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), hypertension (HTN), obesity, and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The patient underwent a repeat preoperative work-up, which included a CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis, upper gastrointestinal X-ray with LINX, an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), and a transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE). Due to the complexity of the case and the requirement for both abdominal and thoracic entry, both general and thoracic surgery teams participated in the procedure. The postoperative course was significant for bilateral parietal watershed infarcts, which required ICU admission. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 11 to an inpatient rehabilitation facility, at which time he tolerated an oral diet. 


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Comments

Thank you for sharing this highly complex case that raises many questions far beyond any discussion on the utility of robotic support for such REDO paraesophageal hiatal hernia operations. One may hope that the patients symptoms before the index operation were worth this calvary. A few thoughts arise from your video presentation: 1) Gastroparesia was probably du to vagal injury at the initial operation or first aborted REDO. Obviously none of the 2 vagal nerves was visible or salvable/preserved in your REDO hence leading to need for a gastrostomy. 2) As known, the initial biological mesh did nothing to prevent the recurrence but made your reoperation much more difficult. 3) What was the duration of this whole 3 phase-2 team robotic procedure? You mentioned that the initial adhesiolysis during the first phase took already more than 4 hours? 4) Most likely this very long procedure time contributed to the major complication of bilateral cerebral infarction (Clavien-Dindo 4). 5) Rather than merely showing a "robotic heroic act" a more patient-centered follow-up status might have been a worthy addition to your video report. Is he free from another hernia recurrence? Was his clinical status at follow-up better than before this very complex REDO?
Thank you for your response. Nine months prior to this operation, the patient had a MICU admission for hemorrhagic shock secondary to their large type III hiatal hernia and Cameron ulcers. At that time, repair was attempted, however, the case was aborted after the stomach was reduced and pexied to the abdominal wall without definitive repair of the defect due to respiratory decline. Following that admission, the patient experienced persistent GERD and intense abdominal pain refractory to medical management. He remained anemic with Hg 9-10. The patient was advised that he was at high risk for surgery given his history of intra-op respiratory decline & hypercapnia. He expressed a strong desire for surgery. The case took approximately 11 hours. The gastrostomy tube served as an additional way to pexy the stomach to the abdominal wall. The G-tube was removed post-op, as the patient was able to tolerate sufficient PO intake. He is now in rehab without symptoms, able to tolerate solids without dysphagia, regurgitation, nausea, or vomiting. He has had no further hospital admissions and no evidence of recurrence post-op. This patient’s case highlights the complexity of surgical decision-making in high-risk individuals. Despite significant risks, the patient was motivated to pursue definitive repair to improve his quality of life, and his recovery reflects the success of a multidisciplinary approach to his care. While his stroke was a serious complication, his subsequent rehabilitation and symptom-free state underscore his resilience and the long-term benefits of resolving his paraesophageal hernia. Moving forward, a continued focus on rehabilitation and close follow-up will be crucial to ensure sustained improvement in his quality of life and to monitor for any late complications.

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