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Journal and News Scan
October 13, 2022
Submitted by: Cameron Lind
The CSP 474 trial challenges some of the conventional knowledge around graft choice in CABG surgery, as was presented at the European Association for Cardiothoracic Surgery (EACTS) conference. The trial results showed that when an adjunctive graft was needed in patients with coronary disease, use of the radial artery instead of a saphenous vein did not give any survival advantage. However, multiarterial grafts remain the best option when performed by an experienced surgeon.
October 13, 2022
Submitted by: Cameron Lind
Postoperative bleeding in patients undergoing cardiac surgery is a frequent problem, and this study aimed to test the contribution of metabolic perturbations to platelet dysfunction after cardiac surgery. Patients undergoing elective surgical aortic valve replacement were included in the study. The results suggested that preoperative levels of arachidonic acid may be more relevant than platelet count to anticipate and prevent postoperative blood loss in these patients.
October 13, 2022
Submitted by: Cameron Lind
With the aim to compare the pain medicines bupivacaine and liposomal bupivacaine, minimally invasive lobectomy patients were randomly assigned to either medicine and monitored after surgery. Both postoperative pain level and treatment cost were compared. The study concluded that the morphine use, long-term narcotic use, and overall cost metrics between bupivacaine and LipoB were similar.
October 6, 2022
Submitted by: Cameron Lind
One of the main causes for concern in patients undergoing cardiac surgery is postoperative pain. This study focused on levels of preoperative anxiety, one driver of postoperative pain. After updated guidelines recommended incorporating anxiety assessment into the preoperative process, this study was performed to gauge the effectiveness of that process in evaluating postoperative pain. The results found that patients with higher preoperative anxiety experienced increased postoperative pain and needed more medication for pain management, reinforcing the updated guidelines.
October 6, 2022
Submitted by: Cameron Lind
In conducting the largest study to date supporting the current medical consensus that recommends surgery only for patients with a thoracic aneurysm that is 5.5 centimeters or larger, the authors found that the overall risk for patients below that standard is low. This conclusion adds vital information to a circumstance that is underexplored but drives clinical decision-making.
October 6, 2022
Submitted by: Cameron Lind
One method for performing a critical step of the arterial switch operation (ASO), closed coronary artery transfer, was observed in a retrospective analysis and the results reported in this study. The overall survival rate for patients undergoing the procedure after a median follow-up period of 5.8 years was 97.4 percent, with a reoperation-free survival rate of 83.6 percent. The study concluded that closed coronary transfer for ASO has excellent short and mid-term results, even in more complex cases.
September 30, 2022
Submitted by: Cameron Lind
Chronic post-surgical pain (CPSP) is especially prevalent after thoracotomy but is not well-studied in elderly adults. The authors of this study surveyed thoracotomy and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery patients to establish a prediction model for CPSP in those sixty-five and older. Advanced age, BMI, blood loss, longer hospital stays, and higher pre-operative neutrophil count were all associated with CPSP, establishing information on the condition in older adults.
September 30, 2022
Submitted by: Cameron Lind
This retrospective review compares the outcomes of heart failure patients who used continuous-flow left ventricular device (CF-LVAD) support with patients listed as primary transplant candidates at the same center. The results showed that CF-LVAD patients had excellent outcomes regardless of how long they were on the waitlist. This change of risk should be taken into account when considering CF-LVAD support as a bridge to transplant.
September 30, 2022
Submitted by: Cameron Lind
Since the human genome was fully sequenced, new methods of screening, diagnosing, and treating patients for heart conditions have emerged. Researchers have found that genetic variations can help to predict sudden cardiac death and thoracic aortic events. Some scientists are even developing a gene therapy treatment to prevent atrial fibrillation after surgery. These accomplishments in genetics could prevent numerous cardiac related mortalities.
September 30, 2022
Submitted by: Aristotle Protopapas
This editorial describes the evolving pathway of diagnosing a disease that is predicted to augment the indication for orthotopic cardiac transplantation. Cardiac involvement of sarcoidosis accounts for the majority of deaths in sarcoidosis patients, so it is important to better understand its symptoms. The differential diagnosis with giant cell myocarditis will certainly be of importance in providing nuance to the decisions of the transplant meeting.